Governor



GOVERNOR Original Filed Feb. 25,

Emmwtoq James W/ZncZerson y/twd/l W Patented Feb. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GOVERNOR James W. Anderson, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Monarch Governor Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application February 25, 1924, Serial No. 695,132 Renewed May 9, 1932 11 Claims. (Cl. 13'I-152) The invention relates to governors for internal combustion engines and has amongst its various objects the provision of a simplified structure for accomplishing the automatic regulation of the 5 speed of an internal combustion engine.

One of the features of the invention'is the arrangement of the controlling member for the throttle so as to be moved angularly with respect to the conduit in which it is mounted, this angular movement changing the effective cross sectional area of the conduit available for the passage of the fluid therethrough. Another feature of the construction is the arrangement of the controlling member so as to be pivotally mounted on the governor casing at a point offset from the main conduit, and still another feature is the tensioning arrangement for resisting the movement of the controlling member and the means for adjustment of the same.

In the drawing:-

Figure l is a top plan view of the governor with parts broken away;

' Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 33 of Figure 1;

Figures 4 and 5 are diagrammatic illustrations of a modified form of governor;

Figure 6 is a plan view of a modified form of throttle.

1 is the casing of the governor'having the cylindrical passageway 2 therein adapted to form part of the intake conduit of an internal combustion engine, the casing being provided with top and bottom flanges 3 and 4 for securing the same between the carburetor and the manifold and having the hollow bosses 5 for retaining the securing means.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3', the upper portion of the passage is enlarged at 6 to receive a sleeve 7, the inner surface of which is inwardly tapered to form the restricted portion 8 of the passage.

The sleeve is retained in position by the opposite end 16.

A fluid actuated member 17 is arranged for longitudinal movements within the tapered portion 7 of the conduit and is supported by an arm 18 extending through the passage 14 and pivotally mounted upon a shaft 19 rotatively mounted in thebore 15.

The member 1'7 is connected by means of links 20 with a throttle valve 21, preferably balanced and of the butterfly type, and pivotally secured in the cylindrical portion 2 of the casing. The arrangement is such that when the fluid actuated member 1'7 is in its uppermost position the throttle valve 21 is closed, whereas a downward movement of the member 17 effects an opening of the throttle.

The fluid actuated member 17 comprises a rounded portion 22 forming a streamlined upper surface which terminates in a circular portion 23 representing the largest cross sectional area of the member. The bottom surface 24 of the member is arranged at an angle to the plane of the circle 23, this angle preferably representing the angular movement of the controlling member 17 about the pivot 19. 25 is a conical surface connecting the bottom surface 24 with the stream lined upper portion, this surface inclining inwardly with respect to the plane of the circle 23. The arrangement of the member 17 is such that the projection of the cross sectional area of the member represented by a plane through the circle 23 upon a plane transverse to the passage through the casing represents the restriction of the passage by the member 17. Therefore, the mounting is preferably such that when the member 1'? is in its uppermost position the plane of the circle 23 is transverse to the passage 2, and when the member is in its lowermost position said plane is at an angle to the passage while the bottom surface 24 is substantially transverse to the passage. With this arrangement, when the throttle is in wide open position the member 17 offers the least resistance to the passage of fluid through the passage.

In order to obtain spring reaction for the governor there is preferably employed the coil spring 25' secured to a cylindrical member 26 at one end and having the opposite end 27 extend' ing parallel to the axis of the coil so as to be engageable with a transverse bore 28 in the arm 18. The arm is preferably provided with an annular recess 29 for receiving the end of the coil spring, while the cylindrical member 26 is rotatably mounted in the bore 15 of the casing and provided with worm wheel teeth 30- engageable with a worm 31. The latter member is rotatable in a bore 32 in the housing extending transversely of the bore 15, and the head 33 of the worm is provided with a slot 34 for engagement with a screw-driver so that the required tension may be secured by the rotation of the worm. To prevent the governor being tampered with when once adjusted suitable locking means for the worm may be employed, such as by aligning the slot 34 of the head 33 with bores 35 in the surrounding casing 35 so that a wire 3'7 may be inserted therethrough and the ends secured together by a seal 38.

In the construction as above described, it will be seen that a stream lined actuating member is connected to a throttle valve and movable in a tapering passage against the tension of a coil spring, but due to the pivotal mounting of the actuating member the effective area of the conduit is changed, not only by the movement of the member 1'7 towards and away from the restricted portionof the conduit, but also by reason of the fact that the projected area of the member 17 with respect to the fluid passageway is changed by the angular movement.

In the modification as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, instead of employing a conduit having a passageway of variable cross sectional area a conduit of uniform cross section is used, and the variable diiferential pressure is obtained entirely by the angular movement of the throttling member 17 relative to the direction of flow of the gaseous stream. Thus, the member 1'7 is movable within the cylindrical passageway 39 and is arranged so that the greatest restriction is offered to the flow of gas when the throttle is in closed position, this position being illustrated in Figure 4. When the member 1'7 and the throttle 21 are in wide open position as shown in Figure 5, it will be noted that the projected area of the plane through the circle 23 representing the largest cross sectional area of the member is smaller, and it is due to the changing of the effective area through the angular movement of the actuating member that the position of the throttle 21 is determined. 7

It will be noted that the actuating member 1'7 and the throttle 21 are mounted in close proximity to each other, thereby enabling the manufacture of a small compact casing for enclosing all of the parts. Thus when the throttle is in wide open. position the upper portion strikes against the inclined surface 40 of the arm 18 which forms a limiting stop. The member 1'7 is also preferably provided with a recess 41, one surface 42 being aligned with the surface 40 to permit a larger throttle to be used Without interference with the member 17 when the governor is used on an engine having a larger manifold.

It will be noted that when the throttle is in wide open position as shown in Figures 3 and 5, it is still at an angle to the direction of flow through the conduit, and as a consequence a large portion of the gaseous stream is deflected to the side of the conduit furthest away from the fulcrum for the lever 18. This stream striking against the member 17 exerts a greater moment because of the greater leverage and consequently is more effective in actuating the member 17 to close the throttle if the load upon the engine is reduced.

In Figure 6 I have shown a modified form of throttle valve having the apertures 43on opposite sides of the pivot 44. These apertures are of such a size as to allow the throttle to be in closed position i. e., transverse to the conduit when the engine is operating at the desired governing speed under minimum load instead of being partly open under these conditions as is the usual practice. This arrangement permits a greater angular movement of the throttle between minimum and maximum demands at the gova erning speed and consequently allows a greater corresponding amplitude of movement of the actuating member for the throttle thereby increasing the sensitivity of the governor.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the controlling member 1'7 is subject to vacuum in the intake passage and has a connection with the throttle valve 21 whereby the movement of the member 1'7 will be proportionate to the movement of the valve 21. The vacuum responsive member, in the present instance, has an angular movement in the intake passage and the con- 'struction is such that movement of this memher in one direction, such as toward closing position, will disproportionately vary the vacuum force acting thereon and will also disproportionately vary the effective cross sectional area of the intake passage.

What I claim as my invention is: t

1. In a governor, the combination with a con duit and a throttle therein, of an actuating member pivotally mount-ed for angular movements in said conduit, a connection between said throttle and said member for actuating the former from the'latter, said member being positioned to oiferthe minimum obstruction to said conduit when said throttle is in open position and being stream to increase the gaseous flow when in said position.

. 2. In a governor, the combination with a conduit and a throttle therein, of an actuating member connected to said throttle and mounted for angular movements in said conduit, said memher having. the portion of largest cross sectional area substantially transverse to said conduit when said throttle is in closed position, and having also a stream lined portion on the engine side of said governor, and a face arranged at an angle to the plane of largest cross sectional area.

3. In a governor, the combination with a casing having a passage therein of circular cross section, of a throttle valve in said passage, a fluid actuated member disposed substantially centrally within said passage and spaced from the walls thereof, said member being pivotally mounted upon said casing to vary the effective area of the space between the actuating member and walls of said casing subjected to fluid pressure, resilient means for urging said member to present the smallest efiective area, and a link connecting said throttle valve and said member, arranged to always decrease the opening of said throttle as said effective area becomes larger.

i. In a governor, the combination with a casing having a passage therein, a portion of which is tapered longitudinally and is of circular cross section, a throttle valve in said passage, resilient means for opening said throttle valve, a fluid actuated member pivotally mounted on said casing and projecting substantially centrally into the tapered portion of said passage, a link connecting said member and said throttle valve, ar

ranged to hold the latter open when said memher is in the largest portion of said taperingpassage, said member also being arranged to present the smallest effective area transverse to said passage when said throttle is wide open.

5. In a governor, the combination with a fluid conduit and a butterfly throttle valve therein, of a fluid actuated member pivotally mounted for angular movement with respect to said conduit and connected to said throttle valve for actuating the latter, said member having a recess in the side adjacent said throttle valve and being in such close proximity thereto that said valve when in wide open position extends within said recess.

6. In a governor, the combination with a casing having a passageway therethrough for the fuel mixture, of a fluid actuated member disposed substantially centrally of said passageway and pivotally mounted on said casing at a point laterally offset from the axis of said passageway, a butterfly throttle valve entirely within the same passageway as said member, a link connecting said valve and fluid actuated member, and a pivotal mounting for said throttle valve arranged in such proximity to said member that said throttle valve when in wide open position extends within said member.

7. In a governor, the combination with a conduit, of a throttle valve therein, a second member spaced from the side walls of said conduit and mounted for angular movement with respect thereto to increase the effective area between the walls of the conduit and actuating member, and means operatively connecting said member with said throttle for actuating the latter upon movement of the former, said connecting means holding said throttle substantially closed when said effective area is minimum and wide open when said area is maximum.

8. In a governor, the combination with a conduit and a throttle therein, of an actuating member connected to said throttle and mounted for angular movements in said conduit, said member having portions of different cross sectional area and having the portion of largest cross sectional area substantially transverse to said conduit when said throttle is in closed position.

9. In a governor, the combination with a casing having a substantially straight passage therein, a

portion of which is tapered, a throttle valve in said passage, 2. fluid actuated member pivotally mounted on said casing and projecting into the tapered portion of said passage, said member having portions of difierent cross sectional area and actuating means for said throttle valve arranged to hold the latter open when said member is in the largest portion of said tapering passage, said member also being arranged to present the smallest effective area transverse to the straight passage aforesaid when said throttle is wide open.

10. In a governor for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a valve in the intake passage, a member subject to vacuum in the intake passage and connected to the valve whereby movement of the valve will be proportionate to the movement of said member, and means whereby movement of said member in one direction will disproportionately vary the vacuum force acting on said member and disproportionately vary the efiective cross sectional area of the intake passage around said member.

11. In a governor for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a throttle valve in the intake passage, a vacuum responsive member angularly movable in the intake passage for opening and closing said valve, and means whereby angular movement of said member from open position toward closed position will disproportionately vary the effective cross sectional area of the intake passage around said member and disproportionately vary the vacuum force acting thereon.

JAMES W. ANDERSON. 

